See horen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "hoor"
},
{
"lang": "Berbice Creole Dutch",
"lang_code": "brc",
"word": "horo"
},
{
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"word": "hôre"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Virgin Islands Creole",
"lang_code": "vic",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "hoor"
}
],
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "hoor"
},
{
"lang": "Skepi Creole Dutch",
"lang_code": "skw",
"word": "hoar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "horen"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "huuere"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "heure"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*hōren"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *hōren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hauʀijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hauzijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ḱh₂owsyéti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *hōren, from Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hôren",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hôren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôrens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôrene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hôre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôors",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hôres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hôors",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôort",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôret",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hôren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôort",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôret",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôort",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôret",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hôre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hôort",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hôret",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hôrende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": "hôren",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hôren",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "hôren"
},
"expansion": "hôren",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hôr"
},
"name": "dum-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 30 6 5 6 6 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hear (perceive audibly)"
],
"id": "en-horen-dum-verb-KTtm2pbY",
"links": [
[
"hear",
"hear"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "37 30 6 5 6 6 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to hear, to learn of (audibly or otherwise)"
],
"id": "en-horen-dum-verb-EKDh033i",
"links": [
[
"hear",
"hear"
],
[
"learn",
"learn"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to listen"
],
"id": "en-horen-dum-verb-S9Bbg5z0",
"links": [
[
"listen",
"listen"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to listen to, to obey"
],
"id": "en-horen-dum-verb-p7HIDswp",
"links": [
[
"listen",
"listen"
],
[
"obey",
"obey"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to belong to"
],
"id": "en-horen-dum-verb-A~cnyY0S",
"links": [
[
"belong",
"belong"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be subservient to"
],
"id": "en-horen-dum-verb-kN8GnSAH",
"links": [
[
"subservient",
"subservient"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be part of"
],
"id": "en-horen-dum-verb-FuZ6QtY1",
"links": [
[
"part",
"part"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be necessary for"
],
"id": "en-horen-dum-verb-vCoScvyT",
"links": [
[
"necessary",
"necessary"
]
]
}
],
"word": "horen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Dutch entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Dutch lemmas",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Dutch terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Old Dutch",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Dutch terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
"Middle Dutch verbs",
"Middle Dutch weak verbs",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Afrikaans",
"lang_code": "af",
"word": "hoor"
},
{
"lang": "Berbice Creole Dutch",
"lang_code": "brc",
"word": "horo"
},
{
"lang": "Jersey Dutch",
"lang_code": "gmw-jdt",
"word": "hôre"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Virgin Islands Creole",
"lang_code": "vic",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "hoor"
}
],
"lang": "Negerhollands",
"lang_code": "dcr",
"word": "hoor"
},
{
"lang": "Skepi Creole Dutch",
"lang_code": "skw",
"word": "hoar"
}
],
"lang": "Dutch",
"lang_code": "nl",
"word": "horen"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "huuere"
},
{
"lang": "Limburgish",
"lang_code": "li",
"word": "heure"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "odt",
"3": "*hōren"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch *hōren",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gmw-pro",
"3": "*hauʀijan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hauzijaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂ḱh₂owsyéti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Dutch *hōren, from Proto-West Germanic *hauʀijan, from Proto-Germanic *hauzijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱh₂owsyéti.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "hôren",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "weak",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "dum-conj-wk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hôren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôrens",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôrene",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hôre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôors",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hôres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hôors",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôres",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôort",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôret",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hôren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôort",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôret",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôort",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôret",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "hôren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôren",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "hôor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hôre",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hôort",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hôret",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"indicative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "hôrende",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": "hôren",
"head2": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "hôren",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"head": "hôren"
},
"expansion": "hôren",
"name": "dum-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hôr"
},
"name": "dum-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Dutch",
"lang_code": "dum",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to hear (perceive audibly)"
],
"links": [
[
"hear",
"hear"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to hear, to learn of (audibly or otherwise)"
],
"links": [
[
"hear",
"hear"
],
[
"learn",
"learn"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to listen"
],
"links": [
[
"listen",
"listen"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to listen to, to obey"
],
"links": [
[
"listen",
"listen"
],
[
"obey",
"obey"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to belong to"
],
"links": [
[
"belong",
"belong"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be subservient to"
],
"links": [
[
"subservient",
"subservient"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be part of"
],
"links": [
[
"part",
"part"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to be necessary for"
],
"links": [
[
"necessary",
"necessary"
]
]
}
],
"word": "horen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for horen meaning in Middle Dutch (6.8kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: horen/Middle Dutch 'base form' base_tags={'infinitive', 'weak'}",
"path": [
"horen"
],
"section": "Middle Dutch",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "horen",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Dutch dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.